Wednesday, September 2, 2020

Greek and Norse Mythology. Essay Example for Free

Greek and Norse Mythology. Article Greek folklore and Roman folklore are practically indistinguishable. This is an acknowledged certainty, as it is broadly realized that the Romans took the Greek fantasies. Nonetheless, it is fascinating to take note of that the folklore of the Vikings (Norse) has numerous likenesses with the Greek legends. These legends are, in no way, shape or form, indistinguishable from the Greek ones (like the Roman ones are), yet there are unmistakable shared characteristics between the two. I see two potential explanations behind this other than unadulterated happenstance. The first has to do with the way that Norse fantasies were arranged during the Viking period: 780 1070. This gives the Norsemen numerous hundreds of years to get presented to the Greek (or Roman) legends. The Vikings traveled as far east as the Caspian ocean, which is further east than both Italy and Greece. The Norse fantasies were molded after the fall of the Roman domain. During the extension of the Roman domain, the Romans had the option to get right to Britain, which is farther west than the Scandinavian nations where these fantasies started. The Vikings made numerous campaigns into Britain. So it is a practical idea that the Vikings could have been presented to the tales of the Greek and Roman divine beings. It is additionally conceivable that the Vikings could have extrapolated portions of the Roman stories into their own. The main two existing essential wellsprings of Norse folklore are the Prose (Elder) Edda, and the Poetic (Younger) Edda. These were expounded on one thousand to 800 years back separately. The subsequent factor has to do with folklore as an expansion of the general public that designs it. I consider folklore to be an endeavor by a people to clarify the ground-breaking powers which influence and shape it, that are outside its ability to control, for example, climate, the components, and nature. I likewise consider divine beings to be being characters that have numerous likenesses with the individuals inside the general public. The divine beings and goddesses are ground-breaking creatures prepared to do super-human forces, however by and by are characters laden with extremely human frailties and imperfections. Along these lines they made divine beings that had similitudes with the basic man in the general public. This made the divine beings increasingly unmistakable and simpler to relate to. I imagine this was important in light of the fact that they were not yet at the cultural development level to have a solitary god on an infinite plane. The vast majority of the correlations will look at the similitudes between significant Greek and Norse divine beings, just as animals, stories and explicit images which are included in the folklores.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Okrent, Daniel. Last Call The Rise and Fall of Prohibition. Scribner (May 11, 2010)

The creator investigates the procedure of forbiddance of the creation, deal and even transportation of liquor and some other inebriating alcohol in the United States. He clarifies how this preclusion became effective. He says that the preclusion got through the eighteenth amendment to the American constitution whose cause was filled by a few developments among them being the renowned enemy of migrant conclusion and moderation development among others. Publicizing We will compose a custom paper test on Okrent, Daniel. Last Call: The Rise and Fall of Prohibition. Scribner (May 11, 2010) explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More He separates on the legislative issues engaged with this restriction in the year 1919 till the order of the preclusion in the year that followed. The creator is commonly attempting to put over the progressions that occurred after the disallowance was affected both as far as culture and lifestyle. He investigates the response of the customary residen ts where he asks and gives answers to this social analysis that appears not to be fruitful because of the results saw like ascent in hoodlum time. The creator depended on the essential sources to acquire direct data concerning this situation. He gathered this data from the normal American residents to measure their discernment concerning denial that was affected after the eighteenth amendment to the constitution. Anyway he additionally utilized optional works like the constitution survey in disclosing the alterations made to the constitution that precluded any inebriating alcohol in United States. The sources were proper to the primary subject that the creator was attempting to put across following the way that he needed to investigate the governmental issues of preclusion and the results that followed. He needed to get the data from the residents themselves. Being a columnist, the creator has shown great aptitudes on the utilization and examination of different sources to investiga te the governmental issues of denial. One model showing great utilization of the sources is the place he investigates forbiddance not just as far as what was revised in the constitution yet in addition applies this information to relate disallowance to the most punctual topics in the twentieth century and follows its foundations of rising up out of ethnic, strict, social and political foundations. As indicated by my own perception of the author’s thoughts, I think he exhibits some type of preference and predisposition. He terms the entire restriction situation as a bombed social examination. He says that numerous normal residents didn't react emphatically following the sanctioning of this disallowance. Publicizing Looking for paper on american writing? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More at the end of the day, the standard American residents didn't invite the change. As much as the law implementers anticipated positive resu lts as far as culture and lifestyle, the inverse turned out as the result. As indicated by my own appraisal, this is an intriguing book with regards to a way that it investigates the procedure of progress, institution of progress and the results of progress. As much as change is attractive, some of the time the more things are changed, the more they continue as before and this has been all around showed in this book where by forbidding of liquor didn't understand changes anticipated. Rather, things continued as before as before prompting a bombed social trial. This is an exceptionally valuable book in this course as it educates on disallowance and impacts of progress. So as to be fruitful in establishing new laws, the normal residents assume an indispensable job since they are the ones that decide the achievement of the change. This exposition on Okrent, Daniel. Last Call: The Rise and Fall of Prohibition. Scribner (May 11, 2010) was composed and presented by client ShinkoYamashiro to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Origins of World War 1

September 5, 2011 Origins of World War 1: Compare and Contrast During the twentieth century Europe appeared to appreciate a time of harmony and progress. Be that as it may, beneath the surface a few powers were at the work and would lead Europe into the Great War. World War 1 was the city hall leader struggle that showed up in the start of the twentieth century. As we read in â€Å"The causes of the primary World War† by Ruth Heing and in â€Å"The Iron Dice: World War 1† by John G. Stoessinger, World War 1 started in 1914 it had numerous nations included however not every one of them entered simultaneously. Toward the start of this war there were different sides to browse. The triple understanding that was bound together by Great Britain, France and Russia; Later called the Allied Powers and furthermore they included Italy. The other Alliance was the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungry, and Italy; later on called the Central Powers whom rather than Italy who had join the Allied Powers, Turkey join this union. Albeit the two parts endeavor to clarify the birthplaces of World War 1 they contrast in different viewpoints. In the Reading â€Å"The sources of the principal World War† by Ruth Henig, it is expressed that reason for the war was the framework. The framework that was overseen before the war was accommodated by MAIN; which represents, Militarism: Every nation in Europe aside from Great Britain had induction, which implies that each man more than 18 years of age should enlist for the military; The enrollment plan came about on the grounds that as the time was passing by the entirety of the nations in Europe had an incredible development in their military force; Also they were dealing with weapons contest, which implies that they were growing new arms, the nation that was the most advantage was Germany. Primary likewise represents Alliances: Alliances were a key idea on the grounds that the collusions started the contention in Sarajevo, in the event that it weren’t in light of the fact that they had a cozy relationship with Germany this contention would have been nearby, along these lines Russia and Germany and later on France and Great Britain would had not take an interest. There would not have been a universal war. The third letter in MAIN represents Imperialism mid twentieth century saw a lot of colonization of Asia and Africa by European powers, each attempting to colonize this terrains. These provinces financed an incredible piece of the decision countries’ economies and extension got fundamental and attractive to propel the magnificence and the abundance of every European force. The keep going idea N represents Nationalism, which implies the personality that the administration or the rulers made towards their populace so they were glad for their nation and needed to battle for them. All through the perusing of â€Å"The Iron Dice: World War 1† by John G. Stoessinger, we can value that it consummately clarifies that the reasons for world war 1 were ascribed to the individuals in charge. It splendidly models that the absence of self-assurance in the pioneers, an inappropriate recognition on their enemy and exceptionally the absence of sympathy that depended on close to home choices, not founded on realities yet fears were the reasons for the war. The perusing is splendidly expressing it in the accompanying statement: â€Å"The Kaiser was in reality to fault. His blemish was both good and political, for his type of dedication requested penance past himself. It presented the German country, and it encouraged the feeble government of Austria-Hungary o take a urgent gamble†¦. What is nearer to truly he allowed other to shake and eventually utilize the saber for him†(p. 4-5). The absence of self-assurance is expressed in the last sentence, he favored that others decided; it likewise expresses that he presented the German country since Archduke Franz-Ferdinand was a dear companion. Between these two sections we can recognize that the two parts express that the deficiency of the roots of war was of Germany. In the second perusing we can see this in the accompanying statement: â€Å"succumbed to a force he had not dealt with: the intensity of Fate; had not been for that, the war could never have started† (p. 4); and it is likewise plainly appeared on the principal perusing when it is expressed that in the event that it weren’t for Germany who intercede in the contention of Sarajevo, in this manner there wouldn’t exist a war. There are relatively few similitudes between these two writings, yet alternate points of view of introducing the data. In these two parts it is unmistakably denoted that the complexity between one another depends on the legitimization they provide for the roots of war; the perspectives expressed in every section are identified with various perspectives. In the primary perusing â€Å"The causes of the principal World War† by Ruth Henig it is plainly denoted that the issue was the framework disappointment. Also, as it is expressed in the second perusing â€Å"The Iron Dice: World War 1† by John G. Stoessinger, â€Å"Mortals settled on these choices. They made them in dread and in trembling, however they made them in any case. We can deduce that in this perusing the ones to fault are the ones that were in charge of the nation: the pioneers. Another contrast between these two parts is the way the data is overseen in the main perusing the sort of composing is carefully instructive and in the second talk it is increasingly similar to an investigate as should be obvious in the statements that are expressed in passages previously. In the second perusing it is indicated the connection between pioneers in a level where they interfaced and send wires to one another; which it isn't appeared in the primary perusing. All in all I discover all the more intriguing the difference between these two readings since that is the general purpose of history; Specially in the causes (birthplaces) of war can and should be appeared from alternate points of view. The perusing I discovered increasingly precise through the perusing is â€Å"The Iron Dice: World War 1† by John G. Stoessinger, in light of the fact that as I would see it the ones who have control of the framework are the â€Å"mortals†, consequently they had in their grasp the ability to weaken the framework and prevent the war from occurring. Regardless of whether the framework (MAIN) ran wild the ones how had the choices to stop it in there hands where the pioneers.

Wednesday, May 27, 2020

7 Key Strategies to Boost your Score on the GRE from a Master

1.Error tolerance There are many opportunities to make mistakes on the GRE, and our Master tutor Greg has witnessed all of them. With over 500 hours of experience teaching with Cambridge Coaching, he is one of the most well-qualified GRE tutors out there. What are the most common problems he addresses? Some of the answers may surprise you. Greg shares his candid feedback below! 1.Error tolerance If you're absolutely convinced that it's 170 or bust, then this becomes moot. BUT someone who just wants to go north of 160 in Q can still miss a handful of questions in each section. This is important to note, because it's the inability to 'let go' that often leads to the double penalty -- you spent 4 minutes on a question you got wrong, but then you really paid for it at the end, when you had to rush through stuff that you coulda/shoulda/woulda gotten right. 2.Mental timer The ideal time for a GRE question is *roughly*1:30, with a buffer built in there for some thornier word problems that should go 2+ mins. By practicing new problems and/or flashcards with a timer, a student can develop his/her innate sense of how long 90 seconds really is. I had a GMAT student once who was scary good at this. I could time him on a question, and he'd work on it, and he would tell ME when the two minutes was up without being able to see my timer. This is one extreme, of course, but every GRE taker needs to build this awareness, because once you start going past 3+ mins, that's bad news. 3. Quant Comp -- The Pause I am working with a student right now who just got a 164Q/164V on a practice test. His math started in the 150s. He became a QC killer by doing one thing differently -- writing less. So often with Quant Comp, there's a single "a-ha" upon which the question turns. It's often something like "what if x is a fraction between 0 and 1?" or "what if x is negative?" It's a natural instinctive response on a timed test to see a question and IMMEDIATELY want to put pencil to paper. But the more someone is willing to resist this urge -- even if just for the first 10 seconds -- two great things will happen -- accuracy improves AND timing drops. A lot of students misunderstand this and think I'm saying not to write at all, but the idea is that you just take a long (awkwardly long at first) pause before allowing any scratch marks (and then write all you want!). It's during this time that you can often identify the *thing* behind that QC. 4. Practice and Confidence Let's say a problem looks *too* easy. x + 3 =7, what is x? Make sure the student doesn't overthink it. Just answer it. Just because you've got that1:30budgeted doesn't mean you can't solve and move on after 20 seconds when that's the right thing to do. Then save your time for others. 5. Mile markers Upper right corner of the scratch paper. At question 10, you should roughly be at the17:30mark. At question 5, you should roughly be at the 26:15 remaining mark. question 15,8:45. Just writing down those three "mile markers" is important, because then the student knows whether to either step on the gas or to slow down a little. Not an exact science, but it helps build some timing situational awareness in without having the student constantly looking at/thinking about the clock. 6. Revisits This is a controversial GRE topic. It varies from student to student. If you find that you'regetting frazzled because youskip past too many questions to return to later, you might want to mix up the strategy for a practice test -- try forcing yourself to find a way to limit these because they can become a head game (thankfully, this isn't a thing on the GMAT, you're not allowed to skip). 7. Subject knowledge Timing issues are often a symptom disguised as a cause. There's just no substitute for being good at prime factoring, at finding LCMs, at knowing how to manipulate an arithmetic mean in relation to a total, at knowing that you don't really need to find a standard deviation -- but need to know what the concept is, etc. I'm old school in this way -- make flashcards for every mistake, and then diagnose and fix until you're sure you know it. My experience/opinion is that students who are willing to embrace this concept and apply some elbow grease make the big score gains, and the students who are too interested in the magic tricks and in the idea that I can somehow limit what they need to know in some tailored way (as if I could say, "Everyone ELSE needs to know exponent rules, but YOU don't!") aren't going to improve. Are you feeling like you'd like some targeted suggestions on how to leverage your preparation time for the GRE? Talk to one of our New York or Cambridge GRE tutors to help you along! ; Craving more expert advice on GRE preparation? Read some of our previous blogs below! Tools to Cut Through the Quantitative Section of the GRE How to Use Logic to Trump the Vocab Section of the GRE GRE Vocabulary: Two Key Strategies to Boost Your Score

Saturday, May 16, 2020

A Guide to Acrostic Poems

An acrostic poem is a cryptographic form in which the first letter of each line spells out a word, often the subject of the poem or the name of the person to whom the poem is dedicated. The first known acrostics date back to ancient times: The name â€Å"acrostic† was first used to describe the prophecies of the Erithraean Sibyl, which were written on leaves arranged so that the first letter on each leaf formed a word. And one of the most famous ancient acrostics is the Roman word-square found at Cirencester in southern England: S      A   Ã‚  T     O      RA      R   Ã‚   E   Ã‚   P      OT      E      N     E    TO   P     E     R  Ã‚   AR     O  Ã‚   T  Ã‚   A  Ã‚   S (This is not only an acrostic but a palindrome as well — notice it can be read forward and backward, up and down, using the same five Latin words. Geoffrey Chaucer and Giovanni Boccaccio also wrote acrostic poems in the Middle Ages, and the argument over the authorship of Shakespeare’s works has been fueled by some scholars’ deciphering of acrostic codes hidden in the sonnets, codes that they claim are hidden messages inserted by who they think is the real author, Christopher Marlowe. During the Renaissance, Sir John Davies published an entire book of acrostics, Hymns of Astraea, each of which spelled out the name of his queen, â€Å"Elisabetha Regina.† In more recent times, puzzles and secret word-codes have fallen out of favor as poetic modes, and acrostic poems no longer get respect as serious poetry. Most acrostics in the past 200 years have been written as poems for children or cryptographic valentines addressed to a secret lover. But rather than using acrostics to write hymns of praise to their leaders or loved ones, some contemporary poets have embedded acrostic insults in their poems so they are not visible to their objects or government censors. Poes Elizabeth Acrostic Edgar Allan Poes poem Acrostic  was not published in his lifetime but is thought to be written circa 1829. The publisher James H. Whitty discovered it and printed it in his 1911 edition of Poes poetry with the title From an Album, says the  Edgar Allan Poe Society on its website, eapoe.org.  The Elizabeth of the poem is thought to be  Letitia Elizabeth Landon, an English poet who was a contemporary of Poes, says the Poe Society.    Elizabeth it is in vain you say â€Å"Love not† — thou sayest it in so sweet a way: In vain those words from thee or L. E. L. Zantippe’s talents had enforced so well: Ah! if that language from thy heart arise, Breathe it less gently forth — and veil thine eyes. Endymion, recollect when Luna tried To cure his love — was cured of all beside — His folly — pride — and passion — for he died.    More Examples of Acrostic Poems Hymn I, of Astraea by Sir John Davies (1599)Hymn III, To the Spring by Sir John Davies (1599)Hymn VII, To the Rose by Sir John Davies (1599)London by William Blake (1794)A Boat Beneath a Sunny Sky by Lewis Carroll (1871)

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Steroids in Professional Athletics Essay - 2570 Words

Steroids in Professional Athletics Just take the shot! It will help you this season; you will be able to do things that you never would have thought possible. Will taking steroids really help your performance as a professional athlete? Many professional athletes find that this is the best way to enhance their athletic abilities but it only promotes physical damage in the long run. If the use of steroids isnt stopped by professional leagues it just shows that they dont care about their athletes and will continue to watch many of them drop like flies from physical damage caused by steroids. The use of anabolic steroids on professional levels should be banned, and any athlete that chooses to use them should be suspended from their†¦show more content†¦?When late football player Lyle Alzado contended in 1991 that anabolic steroid abuse caused his inoperable brain lymphoma, which ultimately killed the retired football player (Denham 63) Yet athletes continue to disregard warnings of the harmful affects and persist on abusing the illegal substances. I think Barry Bonds current injuries can be blamed on his use of designer steroids. This just goes to show that he had his time to shine in breaking many professional baseball records but now he is paying the price for the abuse of steroids. The journal of the American Medical Association has tested many illegal steroids and has found that they give you mass results like all athletes look for in using steroids; however steroids do cause adverse effects such as breast enlargement, heart disease, and cancer. (Denham 64) A group of athletic trainers were brought together and began a 6 to 18 week study of the affects of steroids on several athletes; at the end of the study they came up with result of massive gains in strength but there were signs of cardiovascular disease developing in most of the athletes. (Hartgens 5) Most athletes have knowledge of these side effects. Nearly all the side effects are printed on every bottle of illegal substances at hletes buy, yet they continue to abuse steroids. Athletes know of these effects but they continue to use steroids, they get the results in strength that they are looking for but eventually allShow MoreRelatedAnabolic Steroids : A Fatal Attraction1734 Words   |  7 PagesAnabolic Steroids in Sports The market for top performing athletes in sports in the 21st century is a competitive one. Athletes are pushed to, be stronger, an heal from injuries faster. With the pressure to do well and get picked up by a professional team of sorts goes without saying that hard work is a must to elevate ones professional athletic career, but what if one has reached a plateau or hit a wall in a training regimen and just can not seem to push through? When some athletes hit the proverbialRead MoreAthletes Don t Need Steroids1451 Words   |  6 PagesProfessional athletes don’t need steroids but they put their hard work and dedication to using it. They want to build themselves into an athlete that loves more competition in themselves and others. But why use steroids when you can do it all by yourself and not to cheat but succeed in life do what you can to be a better athlete in sports. Its seem too often these days: the metric rise of an athletic superstar, with fans that marvel at his strength, quickness and agility and then, in an instant theRead MoreThe Effects of Anabolic Steroids on Athletes Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s society in athletics, muscle mass and strength seem more important than in years past. It is believed that many athletes use anabolic steroids to increase their muscle mass and also their strength. Anabolic steroids are a group of synthetic hormones that promote the storage of proteins and the growth of tissue, sometimes used by athletes to increase muscle size and strength. Before the mid 1970’s the use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) was used mainly by highly trained athletesRead MoreUse of Steroids by Athletes Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pagessurvey, a large number of professional athletes are willing to risk their lives for the chance of victory and recognition. The controversy of doping in sports is centered on the use of drugs to increase speed, strength, intensity and endurance. Various sports regulating bodies such as the International Olympic Committee have banned certain performance-enhancing substances because of safety and fair play issues. However, many athletes feel that they have to use steroids to be competitive in theRead MorePed in Sports1082 Words   |  5 Pagesprovide an advantage in athletic performance. Performance-enhancing drugs affect the body in different ways, such as enlarging muscles or increasing the blood’s oxygen-carrying capacity. Despite these apparent benefits, the use of such drugs is considered both competitively unethical and medically dangerous. Most performance-enhancing drugs are outlawed by organizations that govern major amateur and professional sports. II Purpose The use of substances to improve athletic performance is not aRead MoreEssay Athletes And Drug Use1690 Words   |  7 PagesAthletes And Drug Use Many people believe that drug use in professional athletics is not a serious problem, however it is more widespread and serious than people think. In professional athletics the use of drugs is looked upon as somewhat of a serious problem, but is also very discrete and low key. Every once in a while one might see a prominent figure in a certain sport being reprimanded for the use of some outlawed drug, however this is just one of the many who happened to get caught. AthletesRead MoreThe Use Of Anabolic Steroids And How Athletes Are Cheating1482 Words   |  6 PagesThe athletic sports world has drastically evolved since the beginning of the creation of sports. Athletes are becoming bigger, faster and stronger. The competitive edge has started to increase and guys are looking for ways to enhance their performances. Many turn to repetitive practices and healthier diets, while some turn to protein powder. No matter the method the average athlete is trying their best to propel his or her efforts past previous marks. Most stick to natural remedies, but there areRead MoreWhat Performance Enhacing Drugs Have Done to Sports1219 Words   |  5 PagesProfessional athletes are competitive by nature and will do what it takes to win. Sports have been used as not only entertainment but a way for a person to show off their athletic ability. Due to uncontrollable factors people may find it harder to compete or surpass other’s performance. Even with training people’s bodies respond different to physical stimulation. Professional baseball is an extremely competitive sport with hand-eye coordination and strength being key factors. When the differenceRead MoreWhy Performance-Enhancing Drugs Are Ruining Sports Essay1174 Words   |  5 PagesSports are something that everyone in the world, regardless of age, sex, or nationality, can enjoy. Whether its a child playing in his first t-ball game or a professional athlete swimming in the Olympics and everyone in betw een, sports can connect almost everyone. Fan support and overall devotion for athletic competition has raised professional athletes to superstars and national icons; Super Bowl Sunday is a national holiday to some, and sports are one of the largest moneymakers in the economy. BecauseRead More The Use of Steroids and Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports1507 Words   |  7 PagesI have chosen to write my paper on the topic of steroids and performance enhancing substances that are used today in sports. In this paper I hope to focus on the steroids and performance enhancing drugs and how they have become a problem in sports.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An anabolic steroid is a substance that is related to male sex hormones, known as testosterone. The word â€Å"Anabolic† means muscle building. The word â€Å"steroids† is just referred to as a drug name or a class of drug. Some athletes have made the decision

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Success at work free essay sample

All of people want to succeed at work. However, there is success they must meet some qualities such as there are skills and conference to do this work, self- confidence, people skills. The skills and conference is the most important requirement. For success at work, the main question whether you possess the skills to do a particular job. If you are interested in a particular field, get the education relevant to that field and work hard to excel. Solid conference will take you father than social skills, and remain aware of new development in your field. If it is possible, create those new development yourself, and you will find yourself succeeding. Secondly people’s self- confidence is also necessary to succeed at work. Most people who succeed believe that they can. This is belief id conveyed to others in both subtle and blatant ways, and increases the chance that others will trust and believe in you as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Success at work or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page self- confidence will take you a long way, particularly in a corporate environment, where you may find yourself entrusted with increasing levels of responsibility. To some extent, self- confidence is self-fulfilling prophecy. Your belief in your ability to succeed increases the chances that you will succeed. And the finally factor can help you successful is people skills. That is your ability to be comfortable interacting with others, and to make people comfortable with you, can not be overstated. If you happen to be a genius, you can’t probably find success with no people skills. For the rest of us, networking, socializing and making friends is critical, and honest interest in the affairs,concerns and problemsod other people help to grease the gears of social interaction. People like to talk about themselves, and when they sense that you are interested in them, as well, they will more predisposed to working with you, promoting you and help you find the success that you are seeking. Those are some simple things that you can do to increase your chances of success at work. How successful you actually become is the result of combination of things, including your efforts, the surrounding situation and luck. Focus on the things that you have the power to change, and let the rest take the care of itself.

Thursday, April 16, 2020

The Asain Finacial Crisis Essay Example For Students

The Asain Finacial Crisis Essay The Asain FinacialCrisisThe beginning of the Asian financial crisiscan be traced back to 2 July 1997. That was the day the Thai Governmentannounced a managed float of the Baht and called on the International MonetaryFund (IMF) for technical assistance. That day the Baht fell around 20per cent against the $US. This became the trigger for the Asian currencycrisis. Within the week the Philippines and Malaysian Governments wereheavily intervening to defend their currencies. While Indonesia intervenedand also allowed the currency to move in a widened trading range a sortof a float but with a floor below which the monetary authority acts todefend the currency against further falls. By the end of the month therewas a currency meltdown during which the Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathirattacked rogue speculators and named the notorious speculator and hedgefund manager, George Soros, as being personally responsible for the fallin value of the ringgit. Soon other East Asian economies became inv olved,Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and others to varying degrees. Stock and propertymarkets were also feeling the pressure though the declines in stock pricestended to show a less volatile but nevertheless downward trend over mostof 1997. By 27 October the crisis had had a world wide impact, on thatday provoking a massive response on Wall Street with the Dow Jones industrialaverage falling by 554.26 or 7.18 per cent, its biggest point fall in history,causing stock exchange officials to suspend trading. We will write a custom essay on The Asain Finacial Crisis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Countries such as Thailand, Indonesia,Malaysia and the Philippines have embraced an unusual policy combinationof liberalisation of controls on flows of financial capital on the onehand, and quasi-fixed/ heavily managed exchange rate systems on the other. These exchange rate systems have been operated largely through linkageswith the United States (US) dollar as their anchor. (1) Such external policymixes are only sustainable in the longer term if there is close harmonisationof economic/ financial policies and conditions with those of the anchorcountry (in this case, the United States). Otherwise, establishing capitalflows will inevitably undermine the exchange rate. Rather than harmonisation, there seemsto have actually been increased economic and financial divergence withthe US, especially in terms of current account deficits, inflation andinterest rates. These increasing disparities have prompted global (andlocal) financial interests to speculate against the administered exchangerate linkages, i.e. speculative pressure mounted that the monetary authoritiesin these countries would not be able to hold their exchange rate links. In most cases, such financial speculation has been of sufficient magnitudeto actually provoke the collapse of the administered exchange rate links,in the manner of self fulfilling prophecies. Defence of the exchangerate through the use of foreign exchange reserves and higher interest ratesproved to be insufficient. (2)The result has been large devaluationsof the exchange rates of these countries, especially against the US dollar. Large interest rate increases to support the exchange rates at their newlower levels (to prevent wholesale over reaction and collapse in foreignexchange markets and to help contain the strong inflationary forces setin motion); and extra restrictions in fiscal policy. Designed to rise nationalsaving, contain domestic spending and reassure foreign investors and internationalinstitutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Figure 1 showsthe magnitude of this devaluations. The IMF had arranged conditional financialsupport packages for Thailand and Indonesia. (3) Financial support is providedin exchange for (on condition of) economic policy reforms which, it isargued, will encourage economic recovery and help prevent a recurrenceof the turmoil these countries are now experiencing. In the case of Australia,help to Thailand has taken the form of a currency swap where AustraliasUS dollar assets of up to $1 billion were exchanged for Thai Baht, withan agreement that the reverse exchange would occur at a future point intime. These financial crises have also provokedsubstantial falls in the stock markets of these countries and in otherparts of Asia. (They also contributed to stock market falls around theworld). Foreign investor funds would have been initially withdrawn as exchangerate speculation mounted, and this would have partly taken the form ofa sell off of foreign-owned stock. As well, much higher interest rates(both before and after the currency devaluations) encourage flows of fundsout of shares and into loan/ debt-type assets. In turn, higher interestrates and lower exchange rates have substantially increased the rate ofcollapse/ bankruptcy of businesses operating in highly leveraged sectors(especially where loan contracts were written in foreign currency), andthis would have further undermined confidence in the stock markets throughoutAsia. Figure 2 shows the recent stock market price falls in these countries. Overall, reductions in the growth of spending,production and employment in the region are likely to be prominent consequencesof these financial crises. Both as the direct result of the financial disruptionsand also as the result of consequent contraction in economic policy changesthat have been, and will be, implemented. Loss of general economic andfinancial confidence will reduce the growth in spending and output andthe related tightening of fiscal and monetary policy will reinforce theseeffects. (5) Economic growth in these countries in the next couple of yearswill probably be substantially lower, and countries such as Thailand mayactually tip over into recession, i.e. its absolute level of output mayfall. .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 , .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 .postImageUrl , .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 , .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4:hover , .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4:visited , .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4:active { border:0!important; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4:active , .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4 .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2c5f0ac7564e48d9bb066d898f176bc4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Axis of Evil vs. Evil Empire Sample EssayThis downturn is likely to continue untilthe inflationary forces unleashed by the large exchange rate devaluationshave been tamed. Foreign exchange markets stabilise at their new lowerprices, and the enhanced international trade competitiveness of these countries(arising largely from the currency devaluations) allows them to betterimplement export led growth strategies. Such strategies have traditionallybeen the most successful and effective means of encouraging growth in Asia. Thailand and Indonesia seem to have beenthe worst affected by the economic and financial crisis of the last severalmonths; Malaysia and the Philippines seem to be in somewhat better economicand financial shape, at least compared with Thailand and Indonesia. Singaporeappears in turn to be much better placed than the rest of the region andis likely to have the least economic and financial problems. This is becauseof the latters more advanced economic structure, more sophisticated financialsystem, more flexible exchange rate system and substantial current accountsurpluses (in contrast to the deficits elsewhere in the region). (6)Further Economic and Financial ProblemsEnhanced trade competitiveness will alsohelp these countries better deal with their longer-term problems of repositioningtheir economies in a region where trade competition has intensified andwhere domestic policy directions have often been counter-productive. Competitionfrom China and other developing countries in standard ised products thatmake intensive use of low-skilled/ semiskilled labour have reduced exportgrowth in Southeast Asia at the same time as imports of capital goods inthe region have continued to grow strongly. (China has also been much assistedby earlier large exchange rate devaluations). These trends have contributedto large and increasing trade and current account deficits in the region,and this seems to have been one of the fundamental reasons why speculatorsand other financial interests began to move against many of the currenciesof Southeast Asia. While much of the high rates of investmentin these countries have been directed towards efficient and productiveuses, a substantial part has gone into industries unsuited to the economicconditions of these countries. (Such as national car projects), or intosectors (such as commercial property) where asset price inflation has distortedinvestment priorities and taken capital away from more efficient uses. Thus, the productivity of such investment has been lower than expectedand has not contributed much to the ability of these countries to fundtheir capital imports. The bursting of asset price inflationbubbles, fuelled and then undermined by speculative activity, has alsocontributed to the economic and financial crisis (especially in countriessuch as Thailand). This in turn has rapidly increased the amount of bad/non-performingloans in the banking systems of these countries (and for foreign lenderssuch as the Japanese banks) and has forced the closure or consolidation/merger of a number of lending institutions. Thus, the crisis has envelopedthe financial systems in the region, and has been accentuated by high ratesof borrowing. Its resolution will also require structural reform of financialinstitutions. (7) The prudential regulation of financial institutions willprobably also have to be drastically upgraded in these financial systems. Asset price deflation, rising bad debtsand failing banks provide a very dangerous mixture for national economicperformance and may require several years of adjustment before they canbe fully overcome. The case of Japan is both instructive and rather frightening. After rapid Japanese asset price inflation in the 1980s (especially inproperty and shares), the early 1990s there saw asset price crashes, escalatingbad debts (since these were often secured against the now vastly devaluedassets) and banks teetering on collapse. Japan has seen very low economicgrowth in the last six years as it has attempted (ineffectively) to copewith such deep-seated financial problems. It is now clear that the Japanese financialsector has not been rationalised in the thorough way needed for strongeconomic recovery. Insolvent institutions beyond hope of trading theirway out of trouble have not been closed but have been allowed to lingeron. Bad loans beyond any genuine hope of payment have not been writtenoff against shareholder capital and/or government funds but have remainedhidden in the nether regions of institutions balance sheets. (8) However,more resolute action by Japanese financial regulators may now be forthcoming. It can only be hoped that the countriesof Southeast Asia fare better but this will require rapid, concerted responsesto the problems confronting them. The policy responses so far announcedhave been reasonably encouraging but much more needs to be done. (9)Affect to New ZealandNew Zealands rapidly growing export marketsin Southeast Asia will probably be cut back substantially in the next coupleof years. This is both because slower growth in the region will reducethe growth in demand for New Zealand exports, and also because the muchlower real (inflation-adjusted) exchange rates of Southeast Asian countrieswill further reduce their imports by favouring domestic production thelatter effect will also favour their exports. Further second round adverseeffects on our major trading partners such as Japan and South Korea willbe important to New Zealand. Similarly, New Zealand exports to Asiacan be expected to eventually recover when exports from these SoutheastAsian countries themselves accelerate under the influence of their devaluedexchange rates. The latter export expansion will then help to generatebroader recoveries in economic growth in the region. The strong economic fundamentals ofhigh rates of investment, saving, technological transfer, and expansionin education and training throughout Asia all point to the region recoveringto robust economic growth once the current set of problems have been dealtwith. (The crucial proviso is probably that financial sector problems inthe region be effectively resolved). Thus, the medium to longer term prospectsfor New Zealand exports to Asia remain strong so long as our producerscontinue to be competitive in terms of price and quality. .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 , .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 .postImageUrl , .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 , .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13:hover , .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13:visited , .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13:active { border:0!important; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13:active , .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13 .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9d3cefb82c0a742409262e114c33eb13:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Slavery In America EssayEstimates of reductions in New Zealandeconomic growth resulting from this negative external shock currently rangefrom 0.2 to 1.0 percentage point falls in the next year or two. (13) Initialestimates were at the low end of the range, but more recent forecasts havegenerally been higher, as more adverse information has been received. (Fallinggrowth in New Zealand exports is likely to be reinforced by cuts to investmentand consumption plans). These estimates pose serious problemsfor the New Zealand economy and New Zealand economic policymakers. Mostimportantly, they imply that New Zealand economic recovery in the growthof output and employment, which according to many forecasters already looksto be only quite moderate and gradual, could be substantially nullifiedby the external economic shock emanating from Southeast Asia, and its flow-oneffects on Northeast Asia. (14)Difficult dilemmas for the current settingof New Zealand monetary and fiscal policy are thus created. For example,disturbances to New Zealand financial markets caused by the crisis alleviateagainst any current relaxation of monetary policy arising from considerationof the need to counter the external economic shock proactively. This is especially so in the case of therecent fall in the New Zealand dollar; this acts to encourage net exportsand helps to counter the external shock (but also adds to domestic inflationarypressures, mainly through higher import prices). However, this devaluationcould prove to be substantially the result of financial market over-reactionand thus could be quite temporary in nature. Unfortunately, this may notbecome clear until end of 1999, by which time a further reduction in officialinterest rates might be rather late in terms of dampening the externalshock. The enduring currency devaluation may be insufficient in itselfto dampen the external shock substantially. On the other hand, even if monetary policyis relaxed now this will do little to nullify the shocks effect on NewZealand spending and growth. This is because of the substantial time lagsinvolved in the impact of such monetary policy changes on the economy. However, such a policy relaxation could help to bolster growth after nextcalendar year, if the effects of the crisis on New Zealand are expectedto last that long. Monetary policymakers also seem to berestrained at the present time by uncertainty about the magnitude and durationof the economic effects of the Asian crisis on New Zealand, and its effectsupon the future course of New Zealand inflation in particular. (15) Thisalso comes at a time when official forecasts already see inflation risingback into its target range, in 2000, of 2-3% underlying inflation. (16)Fiscal/ budgetary policy might also helpto dampen the shock by temporarily moving to a more expansionary/less restrictivestance. It is an attractive policy tool since it has shorter lags of impacton the economy than monetary policy and is less likely to generate exchangerate devaluation (and consequent intensified inflation pressures) thanmonetary policy. This might allow stronger growth while also allowing theinflation target to continue to be met. However, fiscal policy is currently ina contraction stance at the national level, being preoccupied with budgetdeficit reduction to boost levels of national saving and help contain currentaccount deficits. Indeed, New Zealands current account deficit is highlylikely to increase as a result of the negative external shock arising fromAsia, and this mitigates against any move to fiscal policy expansion. Bibliography1.International Monetary Fund, WorldEconomic Outlook, October 1997, Table 16. 2.The Asian Financial Review July1998, pp. 37-39. 3.The IMF and Indonesia: BalefulBonanza, The Economist, 8 November 1997, p. 95. 4.Commonwealth of Australia, JOURNALNo. 90, 11 August 1997, and No. 116, 1 November 1997. 5.For a critical perspective onsuch policy changes, see: Greg Earl, IMF Solution Follows Wrong Track:Economists, Australian Financial Review, 19 November 1997, p. 13. 6.Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryReport: Singapore, London, 3rd quarter, 1997, pp. 23-26. 7.Simon Davies and John Ridding,Crisis into Catastrophe? Financial Times (London), 31 October 1997, p. 15. 8.Max Walsh, Aid Parcels to JapaneseBanks, The New Zealand Herald, 18 November 1998, pp. 25-26; Max Walsh,Time for Japan to Save the World, The New Zealand Herald, 21 November1998, pp. 29-30. 9.John McBeth, Big is Best: IndonesiasRescue Package Draws on the Thai Experience, Far Eastern Economic Review,13 November 1997, pp. 68-69; Greg Sheridan, The Asian Malaise is Curable,28 November 1997, p. 13. National Business Review10.Charles Lee, The Next Domino?Far Eastern Economic Review, 20 November 1997, pp. 14-16. 11.Eric Ellis, Kim Inspects Mouthof IMF Gift Horse, Australian Financial Review, 24 November 1997, p. 12. 12.Teresa Wyszomierski and ChristopherLingle, Fortress Japan Under Siege, Australian Financial Review, 19 November1997, p. 20. 13.Ian MacFarlane, Forbes MagazineBusiness 1998, pp24-27. 14. Forecasts Lowered, The NewZealand Herald, 20 November 1998, pp. 29-30. 15.Reserve Bank of New Zealand,semi-annual Statement on Monetary Policy, November 1997, pp. 2-13. 16 A New Revolution by Peter SmithAs published in NZBUSINESS, August 1998, PP 5-12.

Friday, March 13, 2020

Economic Reforms essays

Economic Reforms essays PART 3: ECONOMIES THEIR SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT: INDIA AND AUSTRALIA India has a total area of 3,287,590 sq km. It has a population of 1,049,700,118 people. Its natural resources include coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium ore, chromate, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land and much more. India is a federal republic. Indias purchasing power parity (PPP) is a staggering $2.664 trillion. India has the 5th highest PPP in the world, whereas Australia ranks 17th. The PPPs of these two countries indicate that India has a much more stronger economy and is more well off as a nation. Indias GDP real growth rate is 4.3%; this is a significant annual increase from an economic perspective. This has been achieved through the success of traditional village farming, modern agriculture, handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a multitude of support services. Indias GDP per capita is $2600; this is much lower than the Australian GDP per capita. India has a much lower GDP per capita than Australia because it has a huge population of over one billion people. India has a GNP of 1.254 trillion US dollars; in comparison to the Australian GNP of 284 billion US dollars it is much stronger. The economy has posted an excellent average growth rate of 6% since 1990, reducing poverty by about 10 percentage point s. India has large numbers of well-educated people skilled in the English language; India is a major exporter of software services and software workers; the information technology sector leads the strong growth pattern. Yet deep-rooted problems still remain, notably conflicts among political and cultural groups. India has a labour force of 406 million people, ranking it second in the world. The Indian labour force exceeds the Australian labour force by far, as Australia only has a labour force of 9.2 million ...

Tuesday, February 25, 2020

Impact of Social Networking Evaluation on Travel Websites Essay

Impact of Social Networking Evaluation on Travel Websites - Essay Example The essay "Impact of Social Networking Evaluation on Travel Websites" talks about the research proposal in terms of social networks usage such as MySpace, Facebook, Cyworld and Bebo to promote the travel websites. As a response to changing business environments and to remain competitive, businesses have made investments in IT projects Travel businesses need to invest in IT to face the competition as well to give tough times to its rivals. For example, "fitfortravel" is a website that has been developed by the National Health Service, Scotland for the provision of travel health information for people traveling abroad from the UK. The site has gained immense popularity as travelers find the information provided highly valuable. Illume et al. suggested the potential of virtual communities in tourism research. Enhancing value creation and a creation of brand identity were prerequisites in the creation of social networks in tourism. The advent of â€Å"Web 2.0† has led to a series of new web service. Social Networking has benefited from new internet technologies and new user behavior to become the poster child of web services. Questions on social sites include how they create value for users and how users capture it. Studies have examined revenue generation on social network sites through advertising, subscription and transaction models. Key value drivers include user volume, willingness to pay, trust in peers and the platform. Perceived reciprocity is a pre-requisite for committed relationship and avoiding negative consequences

Sunday, February 9, 2020

Hollywood's irrational allergy to 'black' films Essay

Hollywood's irrational allergy to 'black' films - Essay Example The author initially described the prevailing racial prejudice that continue to pervade Hollywood by disclosing that even George Lucas, the world renowned producer of blockbuster films, had faced outright rejection when â€Å"Red Tails† was proposed. Using logical structure and presentation, Martin eventually presented an enumeration of facts to dispute the allegation that supposed â€Å"black films† could not be possibly effectively marketed. By intending to use persuasion to emotionally appeal to the audience that more African-Americans have made legendary marks and accomplishments in contemporary American society, Martin used appeal to pathos as a convincing element. Eventual discourse focused on the culture of Hollywood through narrating and disclosing that it is a â€Å"close-minded society where it's hard to find African-Americans in positions of true power†. As such, through analysis, readers would deduce that without sufficient backing, representation and support from any significant leader or senior management with approving power, films with predominantly black actors were deemed a complete debacle. Further, Martin contended that there is an eminent dilemma in Hollywood that typecasts films with predominantly black casts as â€Å"black† films and therefore render them unmarketable with significantly low global audience appeal. By providing vivid examples through citing famous personalities, the author ensured that increased understanding is rendered to the readers, as intended.

Thursday, January 30, 2020

Cis170 Essay Example for Free

Cis170 Essay using System. Collections. Generic; using System. Linq; using System. Text; namespace Lab5A { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string[] playerName = new string[100]; int[] playerScore = new int[100]; int c = 0; c=InputData(ref playerName, ref playerScore); double avg= CalculateAverageScore(ref playerScore,c); Console. WriteLine(Name Score); DisplayPlayerData(ref playerName, ref playerScore, c); Console. WriteLine(); Console. WriteLine(Average Score: + avg + ); Console. WriteLine(Players Who Scored Below Average); Console. WriteLine(Name Score); DisplayBelowAverage(avg, ref playerName, ref playerScore,c); } static int InputData(ref string[] player, ref int[] score) { int addName = 0,counter=0; do { Console. Write(Enter Players Name (Q to quit): ); player[counter] = Console. ReadLine(); if (player[counter] == q || player[counter] == Q) { addName = 1; } else { Console. Write(Enter score for {0}: , player[counter]); score[counter] = Convert. ToInt32(Console. ReadLine()); counter++; } } while (addName ! = 1); eturn counter; } static void DisplayPlayerData(ref string[] playerName, ref int[] playerScore,int counter) { for (int i = 0; i lt; counter; i++) { Console. WriteLine({0} {1}, playerName[i], playerScore[i]); } } static double CalculateAverageScore(ref int[] playerScore,int counter) { int total = 0, avg = 0; for (int i = 0; i lt; counter; ++i) { total += Convert. ToInt32(playerScore[i]); } if (playerScore. Length gt; 0) avg = total / counter; return avg; } static void DisplayBelowAverage(double avg, ref string[] playerName, ref int[] playerScore,int counter) { or (int i = 0; i lt; counter; i++) { if (playerScore[i] lt; avg) { Console. WriteLine({0} {1}, playerName[i], playerScore[i]); } } Console. ReadLine(); } } } Part B: using System; using System. Collections. Generic; using System. Linq; using System. Text; using System. Collections; namespace Week_5_iLab_Part_B { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string response = y; ArrayList LastNameAL = new ArrayList(); //Console. Write(Enter a last name: ); //LastNameAL. Add(Console. ReadLine()); //Console. Write(Keep Going? (Y/N) ); //response = Console. ReadLine(); while (response == y) { Console. Write(Enter a last name: ); LastNameAL. Add(Console. ReadLine()); Console. Write(Keep Going? (y/n) ); response = Console. ReadLine(); } Console. WriteLine(LastNameAL. Count + last names entered. ); Console. WriteLine(Last names in ascending order. ); LastNameAL. Sort(); foreach (string s in LastNameAL) { Console. WriteLine(s); } Console. WriteLine(Last names in descending order. ); LastNameAL. Reverse(); foreach (string s in LastNameAL) { Console. WriteLine(s); } Console. ReadLine(); } } }

Wednesday, January 22, 2020

Comparing Relationships in Raymond Carver’s Cathedral and Langston Hughes Mother To Son :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Relationships in Raymond Carver’s Cathedral and Langston Hughes' Mother To Son My Idea of family honestly didn't begin until I agreed to marriage and children. Until that moment, in my laxity, I hadn't even considered the many aspects and values a family should consist of. My experience needless to say, laid in shattered pieces long before I took over the reins of raising myself and built a blockade fortress of stoicism. In all seriousness, I often considered never having a relationship, thinking I was incapable of possessing the experience it would take to pursue such an endeavor. Needless to say, I didn't say 'yes' the first time. In spite of this, I did marry; yet my idea of family was built without preconceived ideologies. I've done what I felt was nurturing and beneficial for my children both environmentally and educationally. All in all, my family is successful though we are a work in progress. I'm often overly diligent in their wellbeing out of my heightened need for them what I never had; the experience of a wonderful family that sets the basis for a su ccessful life when life beyond the days of a dreamy child are a hardship all their own. Family relationships, be it any form, is as always a work in progress, yet, with the fiction work of Cathedral by Raymond Carver and with Langston Hughes' poem Mother To Son, we see those with steadfast nerves and unwavering determination can succeed in this precious and challenging undertaking. When concentrating on the foundation of a promising family, being that of love in marriage in reference to the fiction "Cathedral," I come to see some semblance between my idea of an assuring affinity told by the husband, only referred to as "Bub." Although not blatantly apparent is the husband's love for his wife, he does show it with a bit of a jealous disposition. When referring to his wife's ex-husband, he purposely neglects to even give the guy a name as a result of his envious attitude jeering, "Her officer-why should he have a name? He was the childhood sweetheart, and what more does he want? (818). Besides jealousy, he also expresses many other emotions of a typical loving husband such as: protection, affection, consideration and hurt, with regards to his wife's relationship with her friend Robert, he pouts, I didn't want him (Robert) to think I'd left the room, and I didn't want her to think I was feeling left out.

Tuesday, January 14, 2020

Management Under Uncertainly Essay

I had been in Target as a temporary worker and one decision made by the manager left a deep impression on me. As one of the largest retail stores in Australia, Target can be found in the shopping centre of most area. The store I had worked is located in Leichhardt which had the expectancy was achieving a sales budget of $ 50,000 per day, and then the net profit would reach $6000. In order to make the expectation into reality, the manager of Target Leichhardt store from the point of view of cost savings decided to cut the shifts of employees. Originally, one shift had four cashiers, but now reduced to two cashiers. In addition, the manger made a decision to no longer use customer greeters. In Target store, the duty of greeter is not only greet customers into the store, but also check the bags of customers to avoid theft when they leave. The manager decided to reduce shift because he found this is a kind of waste when the store is not busy. On the other hand, he thought the customer greeter looks like a decoration because the phenomenon of pilferage was rarely. Although the manager made the adjustments, the result was still not satisfied and the outcome was the store has not achieved the budget. These decisions caused complaint from a lot of customers about the long queue when they went to the checkout. I had seen some customers drop off the commodities which they had selected because they do not like to wait for a long time. Beyond that, the two operators always feel tired and unfair when the store is very busy. Once they feel bored, they will not have enough energy and passion to serve customers. Furthermore, no longer use greeter also caused some negative effects. For example, tally clerk found that small and precious items had been lost regularly. Obviously, there were customers in the store for stealing and the action of theft reduced the budget seriously. Analysis of the Decision Teale, Dispenza, Flynn, & Currie (2003) pointed out that the bounded rational decision making is refer to there are many options, but the decision maker only consider some of these, or from the long term, that is not a best decision but the most suitable for the current situation. Here is an example, a lady fell down along the road and break her stiletto heel, and then she quickly goes into a cheap shoe store and bought a pair of lip-flops that she had never worn before. If it is in normal circumstances, the lady will buy a pair of shoes that she likes at ordinary times, but now she is in a hurry and can not wear the shoes with broken heels. So, buy a pair of shoes that does not like usually become an appropriate choice. This can be called â€Å"satisfying†. People in most cases do decision like this, because sometimes we do not consider all the possibilities in order to save time (Campling, Poole, Wiesner, Ang, Chan, Tan & Schermerhorn, 2008). Decision-makers always pick up the most useful one. In the Target Leichhardt store, because the manager chose the solution to reduce the costs in a short time, the decision can be defined as Satisfying. The decision of this store manager made just embodies the people’s bounded rationality in decision making process. The managers thought the store can increase budget by cutting costs. However, queuing for a long time can make customers have bad impression on the store. Finally, people thought for long lines when they mention this store, then they refuse to go to the store shopping instinctively. People should consider three processes that bounded rationality usually involve in. hey are simple search, simple stopping and simple decision rules. These three rules are also referred to as â€Å"heuristics†, it is used to describe â€Å"how normal people make decisions without calculating utilities and probabilities† (Gigerenzer & Todd, 2012). In this case, the manager made decision without calculating the chance of various results by using the optimal and maximizing outcome. . In this situation, the manager didn’t use the optimal or maximizing outcome to calculate the probability of outcome occurring, he didn’t use the utility to calculate the expected happiness. There are many factors that can cause bounded rationality, such as emotion, knowledge and culture. According to Teale et al (2003), bounded rationality can also be interpreted as non-rational decisions. This is because people have limited knowledge level and lack of training. The lack of knowledge and training make people with narrow horizons, and then can not take a panoramic view of the situation and do not have a long-term view. In this Target store, the manager did not investigate and understand the situation of the store from all aspects carefully; it also can say he was lack of practical experience in management of decision making. His decision can only satisfy the short-term interest if it goes well. However, it turns out he did not achieve the short-term goals. In terms of the long time interest, invoice for a long time and occasionally steal phenomenon caused bad effect on the company’s image. On the other hand, decision-maker do not communicate smoothly and actively with others can also affect the decision making (McKee, 2010). According to my observation, the manager lack basic understanding of the store and he seldom communicated with employees and customers. Sometimes, he just organized the regular meeting, and the aim of meeting is to decorate task without exchange views with others. When someone makes decision by himself without communicate with others, bounded rationality can get a higher frequency of occurrence. Lacks of communication not only lead to make decision unwise, because the decision maker is likely to be emotional to make a decision, but also make the decision maker overconfidence. In real life, we meet some people who always think they are right (Hanson, Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson, 2011). Beyond that, environment can cause bounded rationality. Today’s general environment is complicated and changefully, people can obtain information from various channels and ways. Not all information is appropriate, sometimes wrong information mislead decision maker to make an irrational decision. In this case, the general environment is the customers and sales performance are different and the manager eager to prove his ability. So he made a non rational decision and this decision does not have any benefit for a long term operation. Reflection Mckee (2010) show us The Eight Stage Decision Making Process Model. If I were the manager in this case, I would use the above mentioned model to help me to make a rational decision. First of all, I would collect all possible information about the sale budget and net profit for five years before. For example, check the financial annual report, the daily turnover and the net profit report. Form these reports, I could analyze and assess which part of work we need to adjust and improve. Our goal is to increase earnings; we can start this goal from attracting more customers rather than reduce shifts and layoff greeters. There are many ways to attract potential customers and make them become returned customers at the same time. One effective way is issue voucher; we can offer a five dollar voucher when the customers purchase more than 50 dollars. By that analogy, we can give ten dollar voucher when the customers purchase more than 100 dollars. In this way, we can ensure customers keep coming. Another way to attract customers is to do some promotions, such as buy three same items for two items price. When I use The Eight Stage Decision Making Process Model to make a decision, I would consider more on one of the elements that is to list alternatives (Mckee, 2010). In this case, arrange employees to the most suitable area according to their own ability and personality is an alternative decision. For instance, a employee with personality of patience and enthusiasm, I would arrange he to be a customer assistance. Put myself in customer’s position, I hope to get a better shopping guide and help. Moreover, Tolbert and Hall (2008) pointed out that the more person involve the decision process, the decision is more rational. Due to the feasibility of this theory, I would be honest to analyze the whole store operating condition and the goals to other managers and employees. Then, I will encourage them to actively participate in discussion and give advices. If I were the manager I would continue to use customer greeters. In order to make them not as decoration, I will arrange them some to do things to attract customers. For example, greeters can pass flyers to passers so that they have a better concept about what product will have a discount in which day. The following step we need to carry out decision, along with this step there may have some obstacles impede our progress. But, these are not serious problems, as long as we step by step; we are able to make sensible decisions (Kramar, Bartram, De Cieri, Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart & Wright, 2011). This style of decision making can be described as the rational model. Only managers like a link, fasten all the employees together to make the decision, this decision can be good for long-term development of an organization.

Sunday, January 5, 2020

House Of Representatives Member, Phil Roe, Introduced A

House of Representatives member, Phil Roe, introduced a bill to amend the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008. The Healthy Food Choices Act of 2016 would require the participants of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program to use their benefits to purchase items that meet the nutrition requirement proposed by the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children or WIC program (Roe, 2016). According to the United States Department of Agriculture (2016), there were 45,766,672 people participated in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program in the 2015 fiscal year. This means that nearly forty-six million people will be affected by the passing of this act and would no longer be able to use SNAP to purchase sugary†¦show more content†¦1999). Sugar plays a huge role in the growing obesity levels. The largest source of added sugar in the US diet is sugary drinks. A recent study found that body weight significantly lowered when sugar intake was decreased. While an increased sugar intake led to a similar weight gain. This study also found that children whom consumed sugary drinks had a 55% higher risk of obesity (Hu, 2013). The progression of obesity, added sugar being a main cause, and the billions of US dollars being spent on obesity related healthcare; I believe this act will be supported by the public. The Healthy Food Choices Act of 2016 will restrict the types of drinks that can be purchased with SNAP benefits. Fruit drinks can be purchased if they are 100% concentrate, sugar free, and must contain 72 milligrams of Vitamin C per 8-fluid ounces. Snap participants can purchase milk, flavored milks, and milk substitutes such as almond milk as long as they contain 100 IUs per cup of Vitamin D and 500 IUs per cup of Vitamin A. However, under the new restrictions they would no longer be able to purchase low calorie sweetened beverages or any sports drink. Powerful interest groups like big candy and soda corporations will be important to appease for this act to be passed. Money and strong lobbying has been shown time and time again to control what legislation will be passed. A way to close the gap in the lossShow MoreRelatedStrategic Analysis of Nike Inc12147 Words   |  49 PagesShort-term Strategy ChartÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…..p.37 Human Resources Short-term Strategy ChartÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…...p.37 Finance Short-term Strategy Chart.Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….p.38 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Nike Inc. was founded in 1962 by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight as a partnership under the name, Blue Ribbon Sports. Our modest goal then was to distribute low-cost, high-quality Japanese athletic shoes to American consumers in an attempt to break Germany s domination of the domestic industry. 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